The hottest topic of discussion in any CAT website nowadays is about CAT going online. Let me give you the facts first.
1. CAT is going to be online and will be conducted by Prometric International Testing Authority. (They conduct the popular GRE and TOEFEL exams)
2. It is going to be a Computer based test and not a Computer Adaptive Test.
3. The test will be conducted over a period of few days and a student can get a slot in any 1 of these days. The students taking test on different days will get different question papers of equal difficulty.
4. The scores or marks may be displayed soon after the test is submitted.
The CAT has exploded in last few years and was taken by 2.25 lakh people in 2008. Due to the exponential increase in number of takers, the IIMs are finding it increasingly difficult to conduct the test. So they decided to take the test online. The online test will make the correction of the paper and result publishing very easy. This means that the intention was only to simplify some of the processes, so the paper should ideally be the same. In effect, computer based CAT will be just like taking a soft copy of the CAT question paper.
IIMs have clarified the point that CAT is only going to be a Computer based test or a CBT and not a Computer Adaptive Test or a CAT (so CAT is no longer a CAT!!). In spite of this, many coaching institutes are trying to speculate that it could be an adaptive test. The arguments does not seem to make any sense to me as this will result in test takers getting papers with different levels of difficulty and hence result in flattening of marks. This is totally undesirable for a test like CAT where the basic idea itself is to eliminate people.
Another associated question that is discussed all over the net is that if the interface will provide a navigation tab to move around the question paper. As I suggested earlier, if the intention is only to take CAT into a computer, the interface should behave exactly like the question paper and hence should have a navigation panel. Time management is one of the most important aspects CAT tests and freedom of navigation is an important constituent in time management.
Computer Based testing enables the scores to be calculated within seconds after the test gets over but as the test is distributed over a few days, the actual percentile can be available only after all the test takers are done with the test. So if the IIMs want they can give the scores of the test takers soon after the test but not their percentiles. Percentiles and shortlists will have to wait, may for a week.
Your approach for preparation need not change because you are going to click the radio buttons instead of shading the bubbles. The funda remains the same, be prepared with the topics and you will be able to clear any test. Only section which will have some change will be DI; you won’t have the liberty to do your calculations on the tables and diagrams in question. So I have a feeling that this year, IIMs may reduce the number of caselets in DI which will have a lot of data presented in the form of tables and chart. They may decide to stick with a lot of puzzles and data sufficiency instead.
Sunday, September 20, 2009
Kitten to CAT
I took CAT for the 1st time in 2005. At that time, the director of the institute where I was doing my coaching started the class by saying that CAT is all about speed and typically you need to be a JOAMON (Jack of All Master of None) to crack it. You can’t say that this was an entirely wrong statement because till 2003, CAT had 150 questions and one needed to be really fast to maximize his score. But what he missed out was the metamorphosis of CAT. CAT underwent massive changes in the next 5 years – the number of questions changed with every paper – from 150 to 123 to 90 to 75 and finally to 90. IIMs introduced the concept of questions with different markings in 2004 and scrapped it after 2 years. They started making English sections more and more abstruse to an extent that in 2006, only philosophers could answer the questions. In year 2006, the answers to the English section were an unsolved mystery – the big 3 in CAT coaching came out with totally different solutions to the same CAT paper. The funny thing was that the IIMs came out with a solution which differed a lot from all 3 big CAT masters.
Anyways the CAT has grown, it is no longer a kitten and it is no longer a test where JOAMONs can do well. When I met the same director after CAT 2006, he told me that a year back; he thought the CAT is no longer a test for JOAMONs but a test for JOAMOO (Jack Of All and Master Of One) i.e people who can do ok in 2 sections and who are really good at 1 of the 3 sections, but after 2006 which had only 75 questions; he thinks that CAT is for MOA (Master of All) sections.
With changes in the difficulty levels and question pattern, IIMs have tried to keep CAT elusive. There is even a saying which a top CAT coaching institute imparts to its students as gospel – “The only thing predictable about CAT is its unpredictability”. To an extent it is true, but not entirely. The sections of quant and DI and certain part of verbal are predictable hence one can effectively prepare for them. What is unpredictable then? The number of questions, the marks distribution, the nature of questions in 1 or 2 sub-sections of verbal and toughness of the reading comprehensions. If you are well prepared with the syllabi, these are non-entities and will in no way effect your percentile. Just think about this, your school never used to tell you the number of questions, the mark distribution etc in your school exam papers, still you used to do well in them if you were prepared with the portions. So CAT preparations is not about speculating the various combinations of time distributions for each available question, instead it is about learning the portions and getting some practice which will get you ready for the deed day and this is exactly what we will help you achieve at Noesis.
Given below are charts which give the distribution of marks for Quant and verbal sections in CAT for last 8 years. I didn’t make it myself but copied from a website which has been advertising our techniques and questions as their own; just a tit for a tat. This will give you an idea of the portions you need to concentrate while preparing.
Ignore the percentages and focus on the trend of questions. You can see that topics such as Algebra and Number are gaining more and more importance and topics like Commercial Maths are receding into background. A similar trend is seen in verbal with topics such as Reading Comprehension and Vocabulary gaining importance. Another point you should note is that the break-up done here categorizes the topics into a headings based on the direct questions from that topic but our pedagogy is totally out of the box and we specialize in solving the questions in easiest possible way, this may be by converting them into a totally different topic. (You may even see questions in geometry solved with number patterns).
Anyways the CAT has grown, it is no longer a kitten and it is no longer a test where JOAMONs can do well. When I met the same director after CAT 2006, he told me that a year back; he thought the CAT is no longer a test for JOAMONs but a test for JOAMOO (Jack Of All and Master Of One) i.e people who can do ok in 2 sections and who are really good at 1 of the 3 sections, but after 2006 which had only 75 questions; he thinks that CAT is for MOA (Master of All) sections.
With changes in the difficulty levels and question pattern, IIMs have tried to keep CAT elusive. There is even a saying which a top CAT coaching institute imparts to its students as gospel – “The only thing predictable about CAT is its unpredictability”. To an extent it is true, but not entirely. The sections of quant and DI and certain part of verbal are predictable hence one can effectively prepare for them. What is unpredictable then? The number of questions, the marks distribution, the nature of questions in 1 or 2 sub-sections of verbal and toughness of the reading comprehensions. If you are well prepared with the syllabi, these are non-entities and will in no way effect your percentile. Just think about this, your school never used to tell you the number of questions, the mark distribution etc in your school exam papers, still you used to do well in them if you were prepared with the portions. So CAT preparations is not about speculating the various combinations of time distributions for each available question, instead it is about learning the portions and getting some practice which will get you ready for the deed day and this is exactly what we will help you achieve at Noesis.
Given below are charts which give the distribution of marks for Quant and verbal sections in CAT for last 8 years. I didn’t make it myself but copied from a website which has been advertising our techniques and questions as their own; just a tit for a tat. This will give you an idea of the portions you need to concentrate while preparing.
Ignore the percentages and focus on the trend of questions. You can see that topics such as Algebra and Number are gaining more and more importance and topics like Commercial Maths are receding into background. A similar trend is seen in verbal with topics such as Reading Comprehension and Vocabulary gaining importance. Another point you should note is that the break-up done here categorizes the topics into a headings based on the direct questions from that topic but our pedagogy is totally out of the box and we specialize in solving the questions in easiest possible way, this may be by converting them into a totally different topic. (You may even see questions in geometry solved with number patterns).
How to get into a ‘good’ B-school?
Due to the huge media attention they have been enjoying, the B-school admissions have become the hotspot of competition. The limited number of seats and ever increasing number of students taking the exams makes it really tough for a student to get into a prestigious B-school. The number of people taking CAT have clocked up by 25000 every year reaching 2.25 lakhs in 2008.
The admission process generally has 3 stages –
Written competitive exams with 3 sections on basic maths, data analysis and English. Certain exams have an additional section on current affairs.
Group Discussion
Personal Interview
The most popular competitive exams for B-school admissions in India are:-
1. CAT - Entrance test for admission into 7 IIMs. Accepted by over 100 management schools
2. XAT - The entrance test for XLRI and more than 50 management schools
3. JMET - The entrance test for the Schools of Management at the IITs and IISc
4. SNAP - The entrance test for SIBM, SCMHRD and other Symbiosis group institutes
5. MAT - Accepted by more than 100 management schools
6. ATMA - Accepted by more than 100 management schools
As I suggested earlier, the only way to crack these exams is to get trained on the aspects which they quiz you which is nothing but math, English and communication.
The admission process generally has 3 stages –
Written competitive exams with 3 sections on basic maths, data analysis and English. Certain exams have an additional section on current affairs.
Group Discussion
Personal Interview
The most popular competitive exams for B-school admissions in India are:-
1. CAT - Entrance test for admission into 7 IIMs. Accepted by over 100 management schools
2. XAT - The entrance test for XLRI and more than 50 management schools
3. JMET - The entrance test for the Schools of Management at the IITs and IISc
4. SNAP - The entrance test for SIBM, SCMHRD and other Symbiosis group institutes
5. MAT - Accepted by more than 100 management schools
6. ATMA - Accepted by more than 100 management schools
As I suggested earlier, the only way to crack these exams is to get trained on the aspects which they quiz you which is nothing but math, English and communication.
Best B-schools in India
Nowadays school ranking is something every other magazine and media house do. Most of these rankings are flawed and are nothing but an advertising platform for the B-schools. Certain B-schools have even gone ahead and commissioned their rankings (in a surreptitious manner) in which of course they top (You know which school I am talking about). There is only 1 aspect that is common with every one of these rankings – IIMA, IIMB and IIMC occupying the first 3 places. There is nothing surprising about this; the trio imparts a sense of credibility to the rankings.
I am listing down a few B-schools in India which imparts the kind of education which I have been talking about in earlier paragraphs. Bracket gives the specializations in which they are the best:
1. Indian Institute of Management, Ahmedabad
2. Indian Institute of Management, Kolkata
3. Indian Institute of Management, Bangalore
4. Indian Institute of Management, Lucknow
5. Indian Institute of Management, Kozhikode
6. Indian Institute of Management, Indore
7. Indian Institute of Management, Shillong
8. Indian School of Business, Hyderabad
9. FMS, Delhi
10. S P Jain, Mumbai
11. XLRI, Jamshedpur
12. MDI, Gurgaon
13. Jamnalal Bajaj, Mumbai
14. IIFT, Delhi (International Business)
15. IRMA, Anand (Rural Management)
16. NITIE, Mumbai (Industrial Management)
17. TISS, Mumbai (Social Sciences)
18. MICA, Ahmedabad (Communication/Arts)
I am listing down a few B-schools in India which imparts the kind of education which I have been talking about in earlier paragraphs. Bracket gives the specializations in which they are the best:
1. Indian Institute of Management, Ahmedabad
2. Indian Institute of Management, Kolkata
3. Indian Institute of Management, Bangalore
4. Indian Institute of Management, Lucknow
5. Indian Institute of Management, Kozhikode
6. Indian Institute of Management, Indore
7. Indian Institute of Management, Shillong
8. Indian School of Business, Hyderabad
9. FMS, Delhi
10. S P Jain, Mumbai
11. XLRI, Jamshedpur
12. MDI, Gurgaon
13. Jamnalal Bajaj, Mumbai
14. IIFT, Delhi (International Business)
15. IRMA, Anand (Rural Management)
16. NITIE, Mumbai (Industrial Management)
17. TISS, Mumbai (Social Sciences)
18. MICA, Ahmedabad (Communication/Arts)
What does business schools teach?
Business education is an American innovation. Americans felt that they needed people who understand business well to run large corporations which took birth after Second World War. The trend was and to a large extent still is (in US and Europe) to work for a couple of years after your graduation and then go to B-school when you reach a managerial level.
MBA in real terms stands more much more than a degree in business. It is a supposedly a course designed to prepare professionals to deal with all the aspects of the modern day complex and competitive world. MBA is a generic course unlike any other masters and thus violates the basic definition of mastering a particular subject. It is so because the professionals who come out with a MBA degree should be able to adapt to and perform in any industry. The core topics covered in a MBA degree are:-
• Finance
• Marketing
• Operations
• Human Resource
• Strategy
• Law
• Economics
• Accounting
• Company Structure and Organizational Management
• Information Management and Technology
• Ethics
Most MBA courses are structured in such a way that the students will have to take core topics in the first year and electives on particular specialization in the second year. As a part of the electives, the students are offered a wide range of courses in the second year spanning various specializations and he/she is supposed to choose a specified number of electives focusing on a particular subject. IIMA is a exception to such a system; the curriculum at IIMA doesn’t constraint the students to focus on electives belonging to a certain subject and allows them to take electives from all subjects. In past few years, finance has been the hot favorite of students due to the mammoth pay packets offered for trading jobs by Investment banks such as Goldman Sachs, Morgan Stanley and the late Lehman Brothers.
MBA in real terms stands more much more than a degree in business. It is a supposedly a course designed to prepare professionals to deal with all the aspects of the modern day complex and competitive world. MBA is a generic course unlike any other masters and thus violates the basic definition of mastering a particular subject. It is so because the professionals who come out with a MBA degree should be able to adapt to and perform in any industry. The core topics covered in a MBA degree are:-
• Finance
• Marketing
• Operations
• Human Resource
• Strategy
• Law
• Economics
• Accounting
• Company Structure and Organizational Management
• Information Management and Technology
• Ethics
Most MBA courses are structured in such a way that the students will have to take core topics in the first year and electives on particular specialization in the second year. As a part of the electives, the students are offered a wide range of courses in the second year spanning various specializations and he/she is supposed to choose a specified number of electives focusing on a particular subject. IIMA is a exception to such a system; the curriculum at IIMA doesn’t constraint the students to focus on electives belonging to a certain subject and allows them to take electives from all subjects. In past few years, finance has been the hot favorite of students due to the mammoth pay packets offered for trading jobs by Investment banks such as Goldman Sachs, Morgan Stanley and the late Lehman Brothers.
Why MBA?
This is the question which plagues majority of students who are getting ready for a B-school interview. The gist of the problem is very simple, most of us decide to go for MBA due to a single reason – the fat pay package. There is no other degree in this world which will help an unskilled 24 year old earn more lakhs per year than his age. But of course, you can’t say that in an interview. So you need to build up a story, a story good enough to elude the smart professors who will be interviewing you. So start thinking about it now itself.
Let us now see who the people who really need an MBA are. Basically an MBA is required for a manager or a business leader who manages a group of individuals. The idea of the course is to inculcate some leadership qualities into a person to effectively manage his team. But the million dollar question is that if management education or any other education in this world can impart leadership qualities to a person in mere 2 years. It is possible if the person possesses some level of these qualities already. The idea of selection processes is to identify such people - who are good at analyzing a problem from various angles; who are good at effectively communicating the same to their peers and who are good at leading a group in the right direction. Thanks to the modern day competitive exams, such inherent talents are no longer a pre-requisite.
Presently the people who make to management institutes are people who are good at number crunching, well versed in reading comprehension and well trained (by their coaching institutes) in group discussion and interviews. The whole process has become conventional and predictable. CAT is the closest aberration to this theory – it is still able to keep its unpredictability under wraps, but only just. A validation to this theory is the fact that IIMs have 90% of engineers. This is not only because engineers are closer to mathematics; it is only because of the fact that these engineers are people who have been always good at their studies. Because they were good at competitive exams, they got into good T-schools and subsequently into great B-schools. Prominently there are 2 reasons why an engineer decides to go for an MBA – Either he finds out later in his life (could be in engineering college or his work place) that he is not good at engineering or he finds out he cannot make enough money as an engineer. Anyway the B-schools don’t care and select them if they feel that he/she can “contribute to the B-school batch”.
Business is very different from other occupations because you don’t need a certificate to practice business unlike a doctor or a lawyer. Why does one need a BBA/MBA to practice business? Simple, it is no longer a simple world; you can’t expect yourself to be a successful businessman without the knowledge of the world. It is this knowledge or exposure that a good business school imparts to its students. They take examples from past to teach you business. In most renowned colleges, the tool used to teach businesses are case studies. Case studies can be considered as short stories which talks about how a company achieved a particular target. For eg., the turn-around of Indian railways is a case study. The best part of the case study is the analysis which follows that, the students are supposed to make groups and analyze the case study from all angles. Most of the business concepts get clarified through this story and post-analysis. For eg., let us say that the case study is about the Satyam scam. While doing an analysis of the same, the students are supposed to go and study the company laws which were violated by Ramalinga Raju as without that knowledge their analysis won’t be complete. This methodology of analysis has students as a vital component. The better brains you discuss the problem with, the better understanding you gain about the problem. Or let me re-phrase it, the more diversity you have, the more angles you cover. This is one of the reasons why, B-schools are constantly in a look out for people from diverse backgrounds.
Let us now see who the people who really need an MBA are. Basically an MBA is required for a manager or a business leader who manages a group of individuals. The idea of the course is to inculcate some leadership qualities into a person to effectively manage his team. But the million dollar question is that if management education or any other education in this world can impart leadership qualities to a person in mere 2 years. It is possible if the person possesses some level of these qualities already. The idea of selection processes is to identify such people - who are good at analyzing a problem from various angles; who are good at effectively communicating the same to their peers and who are good at leading a group in the right direction. Thanks to the modern day competitive exams, such inherent talents are no longer a pre-requisite.
Presently the people who make to management institutes are people who are good at number crunching, well versed in reading comprehension and well trained (by their coaching institutes) in group discussion and interviews. The whole process has become conventional and predictable. CAT is the closest aberration to this theory – it is still able to keep its unpredictability under wraps, but only just. A validation to this theory is the fact that IIMs have 90% of engineers. This is not only because engineers are closer to mathematics; it is only because of the fact that these engineers are people who have been always good at their studies. Because they were good at competitive exams, they got into good T-schools and subsequently into great B-schools. Prominently there are 2 reasons why an engineer decides to go for an MBA – Either he finds out later in his life (could be in engineering college or his work place) that he is not good at engineering or he finds out he cannot make enough money as an engineer. Anyway the B-schools don’t care and select them if they feel that he/she can “contribute to the B-school batch”.
Business is very different from other occupations because you don’t need a certificate to practice business unlike a doctor or a lawyer. Why does one need a BBA/MBA to practice business? Simple, it is no longer a simple world; you can’t expect yourself to be a successful businessman without the knowledge of the world. It is this knowledge or exposure that a good business school imparts to its students. They take examples from past to teach you business. In most renowned colleges, the tool used to teach businesses are case studies. Case studies can be considered as short stories which talks about how a company achieved a particular target. For eg., the turn-around of Indian railways is a case study. The best part of the case study is the analysis which follows that, the students are supposed to make groups and analyze the case study from all angles. Most of the business concepts get clarified through this story and post-analysis. For eg., let us say that the case study is about the Satyam scam. While doing an analysis of the same, the students are supposed to go and study the company laws which were violated by Ramalinga Raju as without that knowledge their analysis won’t be complete. This methodology of analysis has students as a vital component. The better brains you discuss the problem with, the better understanding you gain about the problem. Or let me re-phrase it, the more diversity you have, the more angles you cover. This is one of the reasons why, B-schools are constantly in a look out for people from diverse backgrounds.
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